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Journal articleGreening of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The urgent greening and restoration of degraded landscapes in drylands is essential if the global community is to meet the challenges posed by desertification, food insecurity, rising temperatures, and biodiversity loss, among other negative trends.In particular, drylands in the Central Asian Region (CAR) are under immense pressure and frequently undermined in the process of development. Forest degradation, induced by both natural and anthropogenic factors, is causing changes in species composition, soil degradation, and loss of social benefits. In addition to human-induced factors, natural changes in climatic conditions, compounded by unsustainable land use, have exacerbated the magnitude of land degradation. Furthermore, aridity is expected to increase across the entire CAR, especially in the western parts of Uzbekistan, consequently affecting food security, water stress, and human health.Desertification is thus considered a key issue in land rehabilitation as indicated by decreasing greening areas, declining ground vegetation cover, and decreasing soil productivity. Shifting sand dunes have been reported to affect about one million ha of land in Uzbekistan. The drying up of the Aral Sea and a generally drier climate account for the progressive desertification in Uzbekistan. Potential mitigating measures include preventing salt-dust transfer on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, improving the sanitary and environmental situation in the Aral Sea region, creating favorable conditions for the development of animal and plant species, and improving the food supply in the interband area of protective forest plantations.The objective of this paper is to represent the protective forest plantation on the dried bottom of the Aral Sea with the aim of fixing the shifting sands on the Aral Sea. The Uzbek governmentinitiative to green the Aral Sea Basin will result in an improved ecological and socio-economic situation in the region, reduction in wind erosion, fixation of moving sand dunes, minimizationof deflation processes (removal of salt, dust and sand) from the protected area, and improved air quality, which is aimed at improving the health of the community.Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation, Landscape management, Human health and well-being, Landscape management, PartnershipsID: 3623972 -
Other documentSoil organic carbon and nutrient availability under Populus deltoides based agroforestry system in semi-arid region of North-West India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.To achieve biological production on a sustainable basis through the addition of soil organic carbon (SOC) and check land degradation, Populus deltoides is a promising species recognized as an important tree component in agroforestry system (AFS) in the present changing climate. The soil is enriched through the addition of leaf litter in large quantities by this tree, which ultimately improves the fertility in terms of SOC, available N, P and K. However, scanty information is obtainable related to associations between soil properties and poplar based AFS. In this communication, the objective of this study to examine the effect of three old poplar based AFS on soil OC, available N, P and K. The site consisted of six different spacings: i.e. 3×3m, 4×3m, 5×3m, 6×3m, 7×3m and 8×3m of poplar were intercropped with winter wheat, and in adjacent agricultural control plot, where winter wheat was the sole crop (devoid of tree). We quantified soil properties such as soil SOC and available N, P and K at 0-15 cm depth and studied their spatial variability in relation to different spacings of poplar based AFS during 2018-2019. SOC accumulation rates increased with the decrease in tree spacing and were maximum (0.69%) under 3×3 m spacing. The available soil N, P and K increased significantly under different spacings of poplar based AFS in all the treatments from their initial values. The highest available soil N (233.5 kg ha –1 ), P (16.1 kg ha–1) and K (285.3 kg ha–1) were recorded under 3 × 3m spacing compared to 4×3m, 5×3m, 6×3m, 7×3m, 8×3m and sole cropping after harvesting of wheat crop. Keywords: Climate change, Adaptive and integrated management, Research, Agriculture, Deforestation and forest degradation ID: 3486112 -
Journal articleFarmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) on Nigeria's drylands: the influence of changing climate on agroforestry trees management
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.In Northern Nigeria, prolonged drought critically affects parkland tree regeneration and reduces land productivity and income. However, documentation of parkland trees management in extreme climatic conditions is scarce in the region. Hence, the need to evaluate the management via tree preferences by farmers on Nigeria’s dry agroecological zones (AEZ). To address this, field surveys were conducted in nine villages along a north-south transect, with precipitation increasing southwards through three AEZ of Nigeria: Sudan Savannah (SS), Northern Guinea Savannah (NGS) and Southern Guinea Savannah (SGS). Using Open Data Kit (ODK), information from 92 respondents and 4 focused groups relating to tree regeneration management were collected and aggregated. These include the abundance of the most preferred trees on farms, their regeneration potentials, management and propagation status, as well as usage and land-use constraints. Results showed drought- tolerant species (Parkia biglobosa and Mangifera indica) topped the dominant trees list across the three AEZ, both having 50% more than other agroforestry trees. Though farmers’ management strategies were highly relevant to regeneration and productivity, they did not differ across the zones (P<0.05) except at cropping outside tree canopy cover between SGS and SS using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Positive associations (0.5-0.8) between functions and preference for trees on farms for dominant agroforestry species. Farmers’ adaptation strategy to minimise risk to climate drivers and increase dry forests landscapes resilience made the driest AEZ (SS) had most species on farms and positively impacted the locals' livelihoods. Keywords: Trees, Drought, Farmers, Regeneration, Parklands ID: 3486501
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