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Technical studyPromoting bioeconomy through agriculture practice in Eastern Europe and Central Asia 2025
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This report, published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), explores the promotion of bioeconomy through sustainable agricultural practices in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The analysis highlights the critical role of sustainable and circular bioeconomy in addressing environmental, social, and economic challenges, particularly in the agrifood sector. By leveraging nature-based solutions, reducing dependence on non-renewable resources, and revitalizing rural areas, the bioeconomy fosters ecosystem restoration, food security, and climate resilience.The report provides an in-depth regional assessment, identifying key agricultural practices aligned with bioeconomy principles. It evaluates production trends, regional agricultural systems, and the integration of bioeconomy strategies across diverse subregions, from the Western Balkans to Central Asia. The findings underscore the potential for bioeconomy to drive innovation in value chains, reduce environmental impact, and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Challenges such as limited statistical compatibility and uneven availability of data across subregions are addressed. Despite these limitations, the document offers a foundational perspective for understanding the intersection of bioeconomy and sustainable agriculture. It also identifies opportunities for further research and policy development to optimize the transition towards sustainable agrifood systems, emphasizing collaboration, resource efficiency, and technological innovation. -
Corporate general interestSeeds of Heritage: The Journey of GIAHS in Europe and Central Asia 2025
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No results found.This booklet presents the progress and future steps of the FAO programme Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in the Europe and Central Asia region. It aims to provide a clear overview of the regional current state of identification and dynamic conservation of these agricultural heritage systems,highlighting their role as "living laboratories” of resilience, biodiversity, cultural heritage and sustainable agricultural practices to global challenges.FAO’s Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia (REU) has led the implementation of the 2022–2025 GIAHS regional roadmap, focusing on site recognition, natural capital preservation, and local economic development. A regional consultation identified key challenges—climate change, agrobiodiversity loss, and weakened traditional knowledge—alongside opportunities such as tourism, youth engagement, and policy support. The proposed next steps beyond this roadmap already closing in 2025, includes strengthening regional networks, fostering public-private partnerships, and expanding training and market access to ensure dynamic conservation and promote GIAHS as a model for sustainable, climate-resilient rural development.The publication enhances the visibility of FAO and its partners, reinforces the role of GIAHS in agrifood system transformation, and is expected to stimulate new nominations, partnerships, and investments. It adds value by positioning GIAHS as a key contributor to sustainable development goals and regional cooperation. -
Technical studyAgroecology in Europe and Central Asia - An overview 2020
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Agroecology is rooted in agricultural heritage systems based on small-scale food producers from all food sectors (pastoralism, fisheries, forestry and agriculture). It contributes to building resilient food systems, starting with greater integration of biodiversity into agricultural production systems and landscapes. By diversifying production, agroecology also contributes to diversified and healthy diets. It replaces costly external inputs with the management of local biodiversity and ecosystem services based on the combined knowledge of family farmers and science creating more resilient communities including by creating off-farm job opportunities. Also, it is based on context-specific design and organization, of crops, livestock, farms, landscapes local culture and knowledge. This publication aims to provide an overview of actions and initiatives on Agroecology in Europe and Central Asia countries.
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