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Journal articleEffects of COVID-19 on Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) in selected regions of the Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Everyone, regardless of socio-economic status and location, has been affected at varying degrees by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, those living in the uplands have borne the brunt of COVID-19, because lesser resources are at their disposal compared to their lowland counterparts. Moreover, deforestation, landscape fragmentation, habitat destruction, and illegal wildlife trade are being blamed at them as the reasons behind the pathogen transmission. With an estimated area of 1.6 million hectares of forest under the management of people’s organizations (POs) through the Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) Program of the Philippine Government, the importance of these communities cannot be overly emphasized in effecting sustainable forest management to prevent future disease outbreaks. This study assesses the impacts of COVID- 19 on forest management activities and livelihood of upland communities in 15 of the 18 regions of the country implementing CBFM Program through online focus group discussions (FGDs) with the officers and staff of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) at the regional, provincial, and local levels. Initial results indicate that lockdowns have adversely affected the production activities of the POs, which consequently resulted in a decrease in income. In addition, an increase in illegal activities such as timber poaching, charcoal making, and swidden farming have been observed in some areas as forest protection activities have been put on hold. Enterprising POs, however, have ventured into selling their cash crops, ornamental plants, and other products online for income generation, while others focused their time on tending their agroforestry farms. The findings of this study can be used as bases for targeted interventions (i.e., employment in forest restoration and monitoring, strengthening alternative livelihoods) of the government to avert a further decline in forest condition, even beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, community-based forest management, sustainable forest management ID: 3486614 -
Journal articleMaintainability of a local government-instituted ecotourism development: The Tayak adventure, nature, and wildlife park in Rizal, Laguna, Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Ecotourism is one key growth strategy of the Philippine Government. Expansion of ecotourism is often challenged by untapped natural resources and unique cultural/heritage assets. This situation is aggravated by the literary deficit where one important aspect has been often overlooked—the maintainability of small/medium-scale enterprises once in place at the local level. This paper explores and understands the sustainability of the TANAW de Rizal Park, an ecotourism enterprise of a fifth-class municipality. Based on a case study design, the paper delineates circumstances to fathom out local ecotourism development. First, leadership is top-down driven, but the bottom-up manner is more significant to ensure sustainability. Second, financial issue is complicated thus, the ideal is to continue the operation of government agencies and integrate commercial businesses. Third, the traditional Holy Week events are the town’s single-month focal point, thus extending supplementary activities on a regular and all-year-round basis can boost continued revenue. Fourth, the park is strategical if connected and/or associated with neighboring towns and nearby natural resources. Lastly, the park’s strengths are anchored on its unusual intermixing of assets, while its weaknesses are the risks of becoming a “white elephant project.” Keywords: local government, Rizal municipality, small/medium-scale ecotourism, sustainable ecotourism ID: 3486349 -
Journal articleValuing forest ecosystem services for local policy and planning in a forest management project site in the Philippines
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.In developing and implementing forest land use plans to attain sustainable forest governance, it is necessary to determine and value priority ecosystem services derived by society from forest and watershed ecosystems. This study aimed at estimating the value of four ecosystem services in a forest management project site in Nueva Vizcaya and Quirino provinces, Philippines: provision of water services, soil erosion control, carbon storage and sequestration capacity, and biodiversity conservation. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) tool was used to value water provision services (using a cost-based approach), soil erosion control (using replacement cost method), and carbon storage and sequestration capacity (using social cost of carbon). Contingent valuation method was used to determine the willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation. BAU and Development scenarios were used in determining changes in forest and other land uses in the site as well as estimating the value of the ecosystem services. Results show increases in forestland area and amounts of carbon storage and sequestration, decreasing annual water yield due to projected declining rainfall amount, and decrease in total annual soil loss. Mean WTP is PhP170 (~ US$ 3.50)/household/year. The estimated values of the four ecosystem services provide baseline information for local governments in crafting payment for ecosystem services strategies to help fund forest conservation.Keywords: policies, financial mechanisms, sustainable forest management, governanceID: 3486628
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