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How FAO supports developing countries on their nationally determined contributions










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    Technical report
    Agrifood systems in nationally determined contributions
    Global analysis
    2025
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    The purpose of this analysis is to present an overview of the status of agrifood systems in NDCs, as well as provide insights into the extent to which NDCs are contributing to the climate-resilient and low-emissions agrifood system transformations needed to achieve the Paris Agreement. It provides an overview of the major climate-related risks and greenhouse gas hot spots in agrifood systems, and it synthesizes the main climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies being set forth in the nationally determined contributions to address them. It also takes stock of the underpinning governance, knowledge and capacity and finance needs articulated to enable climate action in agrifood systems. Lastly, it highlights mitigation, adaptation and climate finance ambition gaps in agrifood systems to inform enhanced ambition, action and support.
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    Brochure
    Enhancing Costa Rica’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) ambitions through the livestock sector 2021
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    This case study developed by the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) in collaboration with Costa Rica's Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), outlines the importance of the livestock sector in enhancing Costa Rica's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) ambitions. The study provides lessons learned from Costa Rica's experience and outlines next steps.
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    Policy analysis
    Policy analysis of nationally determined contributions in Europe and Central Asia
    Report 2024
    2025
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    This publication provides a comprehensive analysis of mitigation and adaptation actions for agrifood systems in the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of Europe and Central Asia, focusing on progress since the latest NDC Policy Analysis Report from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2021. As the third report in the FAO series “Policy analysis of nationally determined contributions in Europe and Central Asia,” it updates the region’s advancement toward climate commitments outlined in the NDCs. The report also shares information on national policies and legislative frameworks, aiming to support the revision and submission of updated NDCs anticipated in 2025.The report offers an update on GHG emissions for each country, spotlighting the highest-emitting categories within the agricultural sector. It highlights recent developments in national climate change mitigation (CCM) priorities, policies and legal frameworks, showcasing how countries are adapting to meet their commitments. It also thoroughly analyzes the integration of adaptation measures, especially those related to agriculture, into NDCs, and assesses the prioritization of adaptation in sectoral policies, the progress in developing NDCs, and the availability of climate finance to support these initiatives.The publication also assesses the countries’ existing national policies and strategies, Long-term Low Emission Development Strategies, National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and other documents.In this report, the focus is on capturing efforts and progress made by countries in addressing the challenges posed by climate change in the context of agriculture and broader agrifood systems.

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