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Technical briefWhy Law Matters: Design Principles for Strengthening the Role of Forestry Legislation in Reducing Illegal Activities and Corrupt Practices 2002
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No results found.The damage caused by illegal activities and corrupt practices in the world’s forests is a problem of enormous proportions. In many parts of the world, forest exploitation is dominated by rampant illegal harvesting, large-scale violation of trade regulations both domestically and internationally, fraudulent practices abetted or condoned by government officials and other destructive activities in violation of applicable laws. This paper is concerned with one facet of this complex problem–h ow important is legislation in the fight against destructive and corrupt forestry practices? In this short paper, we explore ways in which the drafting of forestry legislation – both in terms of the substantive content of law and the process by which it is written – can facilitate or obstruct efforts toreduce illegal activities. We propose several legislative design principles that have special relevance to the problems of corruption and law enforcement in the forestry sector. -
Technical reportSoil conservation and management in developing countries. Report of an Expert Consultation, Rome, 22-26 November 1976
FAO Soils Bulletin 33
1977Also available in:
No results found.A major problem facing the areas already under cultivation, is the seriousness of soil degradation and loss of soil fertility due to indiscriminate misuse of agricultural lands, forests and grazing lands. The modern thinking assigns to soil conservation a comprehensive and more positive role than in the past. in that sustained improvement complemented by the preservation of available resources should form the central concept. Soil conservation must not be limited solely to agricultural and grazi ng lands. Conservation education and extension are areas where particular attention must be directed in the developing countries. The purpose of this Expert Consultation was to re-examine the whole question of soil conservation and management in the developing countries, bearing in mind socio-economic aspects, administrative structures, technology and financial resources. The discussion elucidated pertinent problems in the organization of soil conservation and management in these countries and p ossible solutions were suggested. -
Technical bookSustainable use and conservation of soil microorganisms and invertebrates contributing to bioremediation and nutrient cycling 2024
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No results found.Following up on previous reports prepared for the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and acknowledging FAO’s long tradition of technical work on the management of microorganisms and invertebrates in food and agriculture, the present paper responds to the need for a detailed assessment of the state of art in the conservation and sustainable use of soil microorganisms and invertebrates. It focuses on microorganisms and invertebrates contributing to nutrient cycling and the removal of contaminants from soils.The study is based on an extensive literature review and summarizes current views on the taxonomy, conservation, use and exchange of soil microorganisms and invertebrates, highlighting knowledge gaps, needs and challenges. In order to encompass the views of a wide range of stakeholders on knowledge gaps and critical issues related to the conservation and sustainable use of these organisms, the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) circulated an invitation to complete an open online survey to several hundred researchers, institutions and organizations worldwide. Twenty-seven responses were received and evaluated. AIT also organized an online expert workshop entitled Status and Trends of Conservation of Soil Microorganisms and Invertebrates, with Emphasis on Bioremediation and Nutrient Cycling Organisms. Twenty-six international experts participated in three parallel sessions: (i) nutrient cycling in soil; (ii) bioremediation in food and agriculture systems; and (iii) conservation of microorganisms and invertebrates, practices, policies and needs. The issues raised in the survey responses and at the workshop were taken into account in the drafting of the study.
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